Sexual assault timely warning for MU campus community

To check this alert, Claude Opus 5 (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. "Columbia Police" and "CPD" are named as investigating and releasing details, and readers are pointed to CPD media releases, so the authority behind the information is clear.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: "Columbia Police" and "CPD" are identified as the agencies investigating and releasing information.
  2. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are identified as the investigating agency.
  3. present: Columbia Police and CPD are named as the investigating agency throughout.
  4. present: Columbia Police and CPD are identified as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  5. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  6. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are repeatedly named as the investigating agency.
  7. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as investigating and releasing the information.
  8. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are identified as the investigating authority throughout.
  9. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  10. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as the investigating agency.
  11. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD media releases are cited as the source of the information.
  12. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  13. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as the investigating authority behind the updates.
  14. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are identified as the investigating agency throughout.
  15. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are identified as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  16. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are identified as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  17. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as investigating and issuing information.
  18. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named throughout as the investigating authority.
  19. present: Columbia Police and CPD are identified as the agency investigating and releasing details.
  20. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  21. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD media releases are identified as the source of this information.
  22. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are named as the investigating agency issuing the information.
  23. present: "Columbia Police" and CPD are identified as the investigating agency.
  24. present: Columbia Police and CPD are identified as investigating and releasing the information.
  25. present: Columbia Police and CPD are named as the investigating agency issuing the information.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The 4:28 entry reports "a reported sexual assault" with a detailed suspect description, a specific violent crime rather than a vague warning.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: The hazard named is "a reported sexual assault" with a described suspect at large.
  2. present: The hazard is a "reported sexual assault", a specific violent crime.
  3. present: It names "a reported sexual assault", a specific violent crime.
  4. present: The threat is specified as a reported sexual assault by an unidentified suspect.
  5. present: A "reported sexual assault" is the named threat, with a suspect description.
  6. present: The message names a "reported sexual assault", a specific crime.
  7. present: It names a "reported sexual assault" with a described suspect at large.
  8. present: A reported sexual assault is the specific named crime.
  9. present: A "reported sexual assault" is the specific named threat, with a suspect description.
  10. present: It concerns "a reported sexual assault" with a described suspect at large.
  11. present: It concerns "a reported sexual assault" with a suspect description.
  12. present: A "reported sexual assault" is the specific threat described.
  13. present: A "reported sexual assault" is the specific named threat.
  14. present: The named threat is "a reported sexual assault" with a described suspect at large.
  15. present: The hazard is named as a "reported sexual assault" with a suspect description.
  16. present: It names "a reported sexual assault", a specific violent threat.
  17. present: It names a "reported sexual assault" with a suspect description.
  18. present: The threat is stated as "a reported sexual assault" with a suspect description.
  19. present: A "reported sexual assault" is the named hazard, with a suspect description given.
  20. present: A "reported sexual assault" is the specific hazard described.
  21. present: It names a "reported sexual assault" with an at large suspect description.
  22. present: It names a "reported sexual assault", a specific violent offense.
  23. present: It names a "reported sexual assault", a specific criminal threat.
  24. present: The hazard is a "reported sexual assault" with a suspect description.
  25. present: A "reported sexual assault" is the named hazard.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The assault is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass", later refined to "the Flat Branch Park area".

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Location is "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  2. present: It places the assault "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" by the MKT underpass.
  3. present: It locates the assault "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" and near Flat Branch Park.
  4. present: It gives "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" and the wooded area near the MKT underpass.
  5. present: It is located "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass" and Flat Branch Park.
  6. present: It locates it "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  7. present: It locates the assault "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  8. present: It locates the case "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" and the Flat Branch Park area.
  9. present: It is located "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" in a wooded area near the MKT underpass.
  10. present: It names "Providence Road and Stewart Road" and "the MKT underpass" wooded area.
  11. present: The assault is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" near the MKT underpass and Flat Branch Park.
  12. present: It locates the assault "near Providence Road and Stewart Road", by the MKT underpass and Flat Branch Park.
  13. present: "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" and the MKT underpass locate it.
  14. present: It is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  15. present: It specifies "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  16. present: The location is "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  17. present: The assault is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  18. present: It specifies "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" and the MKT underpass wooded area.
  19. present: It is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  20. present: It is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  21. present: The assault is located "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  22. present: The assault is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
  23. present: Locations given are "near Providence Road and Stewart Road" and Flat Branch Park.
  24. present: It places the assault near Providence Road and Stewart Road by the MKT underpass and Flat Branch Park.
  25. present: It is placed "near Providence Road and Stewart Road in a wooded area near the MKT underpass".
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. Readers are directed to "see the Columbia Police Department media releases and or their Twitter and or Facebook accounts" for further updates, an actionable instruction.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social media accounts for further updates.
  2. present: It tells readers to follow CPD media releases and social accounts for further updates.
  3. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social media accounts for further updates.
  4. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts for further updates.
  5. present: Readers are directed to follow CPD media releases and its Twitter or Facebook for further updates.
  6. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and its Twitter and Facebook accounts for updates.
  7. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts "for further updates on this case".
  8. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts for further updates.
  9. present: Readers are pointed to CPD media releases and social media accounts for further updates.
  10. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts "for further updates on this case".
  11. present: Readers are directed to follow CPD media releases and their Twitter or Facebook accounts for updates.
  12. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts "For further updates on this case".
  13. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts for further updates.
  14. present: Readers are directed to follow "Columbia Police Department media releases and or their Twitter and or Facebook accounts" for updates.
  15. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts "For further updates on this case".
  16. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and its Twitter and Facebook accounts for further updates.
  17. present: It directs readers to follow CPD media releases and their Twitter or Facebook for further updates.
  18. present: Readers are directed to follow CPD media releases and their Twitter and Facebook for updates.
  19. present: Readers are directed to the Columbia Police media releases and social accounts for further updates.
  20. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts "For further updates on this case".
  21. present: Readers are directed for further updates to CPD media releases and their Twitter and Facebook accounts.
  22. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social media accounts "For further updates on this case".
  23. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts "For further updates".
  24. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts for further updates.
  25. present: Readers are directed to CPD media releases and social accounts for further updates.
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The assault is timed "about 2:30pm" and the updates are stamped 4:28 p.m., 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Oct. 27, 2016.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: It gives "about 2:30pm" for the assault plus update stamps of 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  2. present: It gives "about 2:30pm" for the assault and stamps updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  3. present: It gives the assault time "about 2:30pm" plus update times of 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  4. present: Times of 4:28 p.m., 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Oct. 27, 2016, with an assault about 2:30 pm.
  5. present: Updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m. on Oct. 27, 2016 and an assault "about 2:30pm" give timing.
  6. present: It says the assault "happened about 2:30pm" and stamps updates at 4:28, 6:00, and 7:00 p.m.
  7. present: It gives 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m. stamps and says the assault happened "about 2:30pm".
  8. present: It notes the assault "happened about 2:30pm" and stamps updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  9. present: The assault is said to have happened "about 2:30pm", with updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  10. present: Times of 4:28 p.m., 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Oct. 27, 2016 plus "about 2:30pm" for the assault.
  11. present: It cites an assault "about 2:30pm" and updates at 4:28, 6:00, and 7:00 p.m.
  12. present: It gives the assault time as "about 2:30pm" with updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  13. present: It says the assault happened "about 2:30pm" with updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  14. present: Times are given as "4:28 p.m.", "6:00 p.m" and "7:00 p.m.", with the assault "about 2:30pm".
  15. present: The assault is placed "about 2:30pm" with updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  16. present: Times of 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m. on Oct. 27, 2016 and the roughly 2:30 pm assault are given.
  17. present: It gives "about 2:30pm" for the assault and update stamps at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  18. present: The assault is timed "about 2:30pm" with updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  19. present: It notes the assault "happened about 2:30pm" and carries 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m. updates.
  20. present: Updates are timed "4:28 p.m.", "6:00 p.m" and "7:00 p.m." with the assault "about 2:30pm".
  21. present: It gives an incident time of "about 2:30pm" plus update stamps of 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  22. present: It gives update times and says the assault "happened about 2:30pm" on Oct. 27, 2016.
  23. present: Times of 4:28 p.m., 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. plus the 2:30 pm incident are given.
  24. present: It says the assault happened "about 2:30pm" and updates are stamped 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m.
  25. present: Updates at 4:28, 6:00 and 7:00 p.m. and an assault "about 2:30pm" are given.
• Impactabsent1/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, 1 of 25. The messages report an investigation and note "the suspect has left the area" and normal campus conditions, never stating danger or severity for recipients. One read counted the victim being 14 as severity.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No consequence is conveyed, and it says the suspect "has left the area".
  2. absent: No consequence or danger to readers is stated, and the suspect is believed to have left.
  3. absent: No danger to readers or severity statement is offered; the suspect is believed to have left.
  4. absent: No statement of continuing danger appears; the suspect is believed to have left the area.
  5. absent: No severity or continuing danger is stated; it notes the suspect is believed to have left the area.
  6. absent: While a victim is identified, no statement of ongoing danger or potential harm is offered.
  7. absent: No statement of danger or potential harm to the community appears, and the suspect is believed gone.
  8. absent: No statement of ongoing danger or potential harm appears; the suspect is believed to have left the area.
  9. absent: No consequence or severity is stated, and the suspect is believed to have left the area.
  10. absent: Beyond naming the crime and victim age, no statement of danger or consequence to readers appears.
  11. absent: No consequence or danger to the community is stated; the suspect is believed to have left.
  12. absent: No statement of danger or potential harm to the community appears, only case details.
  13. absent: No severity or continuing danger is conveyed, and the suspect is believed to have left.
  14. absent: No statement of danger or potential harm to the community appears; the suspect is believed gone.
  15. absent: Beyond naming the crime, nothing states ongoing danger; it says the suspect "has left the area".
  16. present: Reporting an assault on "a 14 year old female" victim conveys the concrete severity of the threat.
  17. absent: The harm to the 14 year old victim is reported as fact but no ongoing danger or severity is stated.
  18. absent: No harm level or ongoing danger is described, and the suspect is believed gone.
  19. absent: Beyond the offense itself, no statement of ongoing danger appears, and the suspect is said to have left.
  20. absent: No danger to readers or severity of consequences is stated, and the suspect reportedly left.
  21. absent: No statement of danger or severity appears; the closing note says campus is back to normal.
  22. absent: No severity or ongoing danger is stated, and it says the suspect "has left the area".
  23. absent: No severity or continuing danger is stated; the suspect "has left the area".
  24. absent: No statement of ongoing danger appears; the suspect is believed to have left the area.
  25. absent: No statement of danger to the community appears; the suspect is believed to have left.