Non-Aggravated Assault

To check this alert, Claude Opus 5 (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present by 25 of 25. "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating" names the sender, with DPSS Dispatch Services and an anonymous tip line given for contact.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating the assault.
  2. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as the investigating sender.
  3. present: Begins with "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating", naming the sender.
  4. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating" names the agency issuing the bulletin.
  5. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating" identifies the agency.
  6. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department" is named as investigating the assault.
  7. present: Names "The University of Michigan Police Department" and DPSS Dispatch Services.
  8. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating the assault.
  9. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating the assault.
  10. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating the assault.
  11. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating", naming the issuing agency.
  12. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating, with DPSS Dispatch contact.
  13. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as the investigating agency.
  14. present: Attributed to "The University of Michigan Police Department" with DPSS Dispatch as contact.
  15. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating the assault.
  16. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating" names the issuing agency.
  17. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating the assault.
  18. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating" names the issuing agency.
  19. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating the assault.
  20. present: States "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating", naming the issuing agency.
  21. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating", naming the issuing agency.
  22. present: "The University of Michigan Police Department is investigating", identifying the responding agency.
  23. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating, with DPSS Dispatch as contact.
  24. present: Names "The University of Michigan Police Department" as the investigating agency issuing the bulletin.
  25. present: The University of Michigan Police Department is named as investigating, with DPSS Dispatch for tips.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present by 25 of 25. The hazard is the headlined "Non-Aggravated Assault", juveniles with "an airsoft BB gun" and a plastic pellet striking the victim.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Describes an assault with an airsoft BB gun that struck the victim with a plastic pellet.
  2. present: An assault in which the victim was struck by a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun.
  3. present: Describes an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  4. present: It reports an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  5. present: It names an assault involving "an airsoft BB gun" and a plastic pellet strike.
  6. present: The offense is an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  7. present: Reports an assault in which juveniles fired an airsoft BB gun at a passerby.
  8. present: Reports an assault in which the victim was struck by a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun.
  9. present: An assault is described in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  10. present: It reports an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  11. present: An assault involving "an airsoft BB gun" and a plastic pellet is specifically described.
  12. present: An assault involving "an airsoft BB gun" and a plastic pellet strike is specifically described.
  13. present: An assault in which the victim was struck by a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun.
  14. present: Names an assault in which a pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  15. present: Names an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  16. present: An assault with an "airsoft BB gun" firing a plastic pellet is the named offense.
  17. present: The threat is specific: an assault with an airsoft BB gun firing a plastic pellet.
  18. present: An assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim is described.
  19. present: It reports an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  20. present: Describes an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  21. present: It reports an assault in which someone with "an airsoft BB gun" struck the victim with a plastic pellet.
  22. present: It reports an assault in which a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun struck the victim.
  23. present: The hazard is an assault by individuals, one "carrying an airsoft BB gun" that struck the victim.
  24. present: Describes an assault in which a plastic pellet from "an airsoft BB gun" struck the victim.
  25. present: It describes an assault in which the victim was struck by a plastic pellet from an airsoft BB gun.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present by 25 of 25. The scene is fixed at "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall", naming both street and buildings.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Places it in the "1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  2. present: Places it in "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  3. present: Places it in the "1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  4. present: The location is "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  5. present: It occurred "in the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  6. present: It occurred "in the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  7. present: Places it in "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  8. present: Places it in "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  9. present: It gives "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  10. present: The location is the "1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  11. present: It happened in the "1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  12. present: Names "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  13. present: Located in 'the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall'.
  14. present: Located in "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  15. present: Places it in "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  16. present: It happened in "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  17. present: It names the "1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  18. present: It specifies "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  19. present: The location is the 1000 block of South University near Randall Laboratory and West Hall.
  20. present: Places it in "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  21. present: The place is "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  22. present: The site is "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  23. present: It places the assault "in the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  24. present: Places it "in the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
  25. present: The site is "the 1000 block of South University, near Randall Laboratory and West Hall".
• Guidancepresent24/25

  Final assessment

  Present by 24 of 25. The bulletin asks anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the tip line; one read reasonably objects that a reporting request is not protective advice.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Asks anyone with information to call DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  2. present: Directs anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  3. present: Asks anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  4. present: It directs anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch Services or the anonymous tip line.
  5. present: Readers with information are directed to call DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  6. present: Anyone with information is instructed to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  7. present: Asks anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  8. present: Asks anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  9. present: Readers with information are instructed to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  10. present: It instructs anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch Services or the anonymous tip line.
  11. present: Readers with information are told to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  12. present: Directs anyone with information to call DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  13. present: Asks anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  14. present: Directs anyone with information to call DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  15. present: Directs anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  16. present: Readers with information are told to call DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  17. present: Readers with information are directed to call DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  18. present: It asks readers with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  19. present: It instructs anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  20. present: Asks anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
  21. present: Readers are directed to contact DPSS Dispatch at (734) 763-1131 or the anonymous tip line with information.
  22. present: It directs anyone with information to contact DPSS Dispatch Services or the anonymous tip line.
  23. present: Readers with information are instructed to call DPSS Dispatch Services or the anonymous tip line.
  24. absent: It only asks people with information to call DPSS; no protective action is offered to recipients.
  25. present: Readers with information are instructed to contact DPSS Dispatch or the anonymous tip line.
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present by 25 of 25. The assault is timed "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.", with the bulletin itself dated May 11, 2024.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Dates it to "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  2. present: Gives "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m." as the incident time.
  3. present: Gives "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m." for the assault.
  4. present: The assault is dated "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  5. present: Dated "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  6. present: The incident is timed "on May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  7. present: Incident dated "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  8. present: Gives "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m." as the incident time.
  9. present: The incident occurred "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  10. present: The incident time is given as "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  11. present: Timed to "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  12. present: Incident time is "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  13. present: Gives 'May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.' as the incident time.
  14. present: Times it "on May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  15. present: Times it "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  16. present: The incident is timed to "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  17. present: The incident is dated "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  18. present: The incident occurred "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  19. present: The assault is dated May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.
  20. present: Times the assault at "approximately 10:15 p.m." on May 10, 2024.
  21. present: The assault occurred "on May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  22. present: The incident is dated "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m.".
  23. present: The incident occurred "on May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  24. present: Times the assault "on May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m."
  25. present: It gives "May 10, 2024, at approximately 10:15 p.m." as the incident time.
• Impactabsent1/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, with 1 of 25 dissenting on the pellet strike. The alert minimizes rather than states consequence, noting "No medical assistance was needed" and giving no account of potential severity.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: Severity is explicitly minimal: "No medical assistance was needed".
  2. absent: States "No medical assistance was needed", so no severity or consequence is conveyed.
  3. absent: It notes "No medical assistance was needed", so no serious consequence is conveyed.
  4. absent: "No medical assistance was needed" actively downplays harm rather than conveying severity.
  5. absent: It reports "No medical assistance was needed" and warns of no further danger.
  6. absent: It states that "No medical assistance was needed", so no harm or severity is conveyed.
  7. present: Reports actual harm, a plastic pellet striking the victim's neck, though no medical care was needed.
  8. absent: Explicitly says "No medical assistance was needed", so no meaningful harm is conveyed.
  9. absent: It notes "No medical assistance was needed", so no harm or severity is conveyed.
  10. absent: It notes "No medical assistance was needed", so no serious consequence is conveyed.
  11. absent: The bulletin says "No medical assistance was needed", conveying no meaningful harm.
  12. absent: Explicitly notes "No medical assistance was needed", so no meaningful harm is conveyed.
  13. absent: It explicitly notes 'No medical assistance was needed', so no severity is conveyed.
  14. absent: It expressly says "No medical assistance was needed", conveying no severity.
  15. absent: Severity is minimized rather than conveyed: "No medical assistance was needed".
  16. absent: It notes "No medical assistance was needed", so no severity is conveyed.
  17. absent: It expressly notes "No medical assistance was needed", downplaying rather than conveying severity.
  18. absent: It states "No medical assistance was needed", so no harmful consequence is conveyed.
  19. absent: It notes "No medical assistance was needed", so no meaningful harm is conveyed.
  20. absent: Says "No medical assistance was needed", so no meaningful harm or severity is conveyed.
  21. absent: It explicitly downplays harm: "No medical assistance was needed", and no danger level is stated.
  22. absent: The text states "No medical assistance was needed", so no harmful consequence is conveyed.
  23. absent: It explicitly notes "No medical assistance was needed", so no serious consequence is conveyed.
  24. absent: Severity is explicitly minimized: "No medical assistance was needed."
  25. absent: It notes "No medical assistance was needed", which removes rather than conveys severity.