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Temple

Temple's 186-Case Mumps Outbreak Tests the Limits of MMR Immunity

PAdisease outbreakadvisorymedium confidence
Confirmed Threat

Temple University experienced one of the largest U.S. campus mumps outbreaks of the decade starting in February 2019, ultimately producing 186 confirmed cases in students, faculty, and people connected to the university. The university issued its first FAQ alert on March 22, 2019 after the Philadelphia Department of Public Health flagged a cluster, then ran multiple mass vaccination clinics that administered more than 6,000 MMR doses, including 2,285 in a single day.

Alerts
2
Response
Killed
0
Injured
186
Institution
Temple University
Public R1 · PA
~39,000 studentsTemple Now / Student and Employee Health Services
Confirmed Timeline

Alert Sequence

2 messages in sequence

Some alert texts below are approximate reconstructions from news coverage, not confirmed verbatim transcripts. Reconstructed texts are shown in italic with a dashed border. Verified verbatim texts have a solid border and are marked accordingly.

INITIAL ALERTEmail
Dear Temple Community: Temple University's Student and Employee Health Services, in coordination with the Philadelphia Department of Public Health, is investigating a number of confirmed and suspected cases of mumps among Temple students. Mumps is a contagious viral illness that causes fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite, and swollen and tender salivary glands under the ears or jaw on one or both sides of the face. Most people who have received two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine are protected, but the vaccine is not 100% effective and immunity can wane over time. We strongly recommend that all students, faculty and staff: (1) confirm they have received two doses of MMR vaccine; (2) practice good hand hygiene and avoid sharing drinks, utensils, or vaping devices; and (3) stay home and contact a healthcare provider if they develop symptoms. Student Health Services is offering MMR vaccinations to any Temple student who has not received two documented doses.

This text has been reconstructed from news coverage and may not reflect the exact original wording.

Reconstructed from the Temple Now FAQ posted March 22, 2019 — the first public university-wide notice
Reflects Temple's emphasis that vaccinated people can still contract mumps as immunity wanes — a key public health message of this outbreak
Mentions vaping devices because Philadelphia public health investigators traced shared vaping as a transmission pathway
UPDATEEmail
Approximate reconstructionReconstructed from Temple Now update of April 16, 2019830 chars
Latest Update on Mumps Cases: As of today, the total number of confirmed and probable mumps cases connected to Temple University is 132. Temple Student and Employee Health Services and the Philadelphia Department of Public Health continue to work together to identify, isolate, and limit further transmission. Temple held a vaccination clinic last Wednesday at Mitten Hall that administered 2,285 MMR vaccinations in a single day — one of the largest single-day campus vaccination events in Temple's history. Additional clinics are scheduled. We continue to urge all students, faculty and staff to verify their MMR vaccine status. Anyone with symptoms — fever, headache, fatigue, swollen jaw or salivary glands — should self-isolate and contact a healthcare provider. Temple Student Health Services can be reached at 215-204-7500.

This text has been reconstructed from news coverage and may not reflect the exact original wording.

Reconstructed from the Temple Now case-count update of April 16, 2019
The 2,285-dose single-day clinic figure is verified by Temple's own statements to ABC News and is one of the most-cited statistics from this outbreak
Outbreak ultimately reached 186 cases, making it the largest U.S. campus mumps outbreak since the 2014 OSU outbreak
Context

Background

Temple University's 2019 mumps outbreak became a national case study in vaccine waning and campus disease transmission. The outbreak began in February 2019 when the Philadelphia Department of Public Health sent its first health alert to medical providers, and Temple's Student and Employee Health Services issued its first university-wide notice on March 22, 2019. By the time the outbreak ended in late May, 186 confirmed cases had been identified — 175 students, 2 faculty members, and 9 individuals connected to but not affiliated with the university. According to Temple Student and Employee Health Services, the majority of confirmed cases involved members of the Temple community who had previously received the MMR vaccine, reflecting the well-documented phenomenon of waning mumps immunity in vaccinated college-age adults. Temple responded by holding mass MMR vaccination clinics across campus; one clinic at Mitten Hall delivered 2,285 doses in a single day. Over the course of the response, Student and Employee Health Services administered more than 6,000 MMR doses. The outbreak prompted Temple to announce that incoming students would be required to be vaccinated against mumps starting the following academic year — a policy change that mirrored similar moves at Indiana University, Harvard, and Ohio State following their own mumps outbreaks in 2014-2017. The outbreak is also notable because Philadelphia health investigators identified shared vaping devices as a likely transmission vector, prompting Temple to specifically warn students against sharing e-cigarettes.
Analysis

Key Findings

186 total confirmed cases, including 175 students — the largest U.S. campus mumps outbreak since OSU in 2014
Temple's MMR clinic at Mitten Hall administered 2,285 vaccinations in a single day, among the largest single-day campus vaccine events on record
The majority of confirmed cases were in previously vaccinated individuals, illustrating the well-documented waning of MMR-induced mumps immunity
Shared vaping devices were identified as a probable transmission vector, an emerging concern for campus public health
Outcome
186 confirmed mumps cases — 175 students, 2 faculty, and 9 unaffiliated individuals. No deaths or hospitalizations were reported. Temple held mass MMR vaccine clinics, ultimately requiring incoming students to be vaccinated starting the following academic year.
Provenance

Sources

  1. Official
  2. Official
  3. Source
  4. News
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  6. News
Tags
mumpsdisease-outbreakpublic-healthvaccinationmmrtemplepennsylvaniaphiladelphiavapingwaning-immunity
Added May 2026Updated May 2026Via ingestion