Student finds a masked man with a knife in her unlocked residence hall room

To check this alert, Claude Opus 5 (an AI) read it in full 25 separate times, independently. Each read decided whether the message answers each of the six questions and gave a short reason. A final reviewer then weighed all 25 and wrote the plain-English verdict you see when you open a row. The score (for example 22/25) is how many reads agreed; the 25 individual reads are tucked underneath if you want to check them.

• Sourcepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The numbered Crime Alert identifies OUPD as the investigating and issuing department, with a police phone number and police@ohio.edu contact.

  Who is sending the alert and who is responding. People act faster on a message from a clearly identifiable, credible sender, such as a named department, the police, or a branded alert system, than on an anonymous notice. A branded signature counts.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: OUPD and the Crime Alert numbering identify the issuing police department.
  2. present: OUPD and the Crime Alert format identify the issuing police department.
  3. present: OUPD and the Crime Alert number identify the issuing police department.
  4. present: OUPD is identified as the investigating agency issuing this Crime Alert.
  5. present: Signed as a Crime Alert from OUPD with its phone and email.
  6. present: OUPD, the university police department, is identified as issuing this crime alert.
  7. present: OUPD is named, and the message is labeled a Crime Alert with a police contact.
  8. present: OUPD and the crime alert format identify the issuing police department.
  9. present: OUPD is named as the investigating police agency, with a crime alert number.
  10. present: OUPD and the Crime Alert format identify the university police as sender.
  11. present: OUPD and the Ohio University crime alert framing identify the issuing police authority.
  12. present: Issued as a Crime Alert by OUPD, which is named repeatedly.
  13. present: OUPD and the Ohio University crime alert numbering identify the issuer.
  14. present: Signed as a Crime Alert with OUPD identified as the responding police.
  15. present: OUPD is named as investigating and contact agency.
  16. present: Issued as a Crime Alert with OUPD identified as the responding police.
  17. present: OUPD and Ohio University identify the issuing authority, plus the 'Crime Alert' heading.
  18. present: OUPD and the Crime Alert numbering identify Ohio University police as the issuer.
  19. present: OUPD and the Crime Alert numbering identify the issuing police department.
  20. present: Headed 'Crime Alert' and attributes the response to OUPD with a police email address.
  21. present: OUPD and the Ohio University crime alert numbering identify the sender.
  22. present: OUPD and the police@ohio.edu contact identify the issuing police department.
  23. present: Issued as a Crime Alert by OUPD, which is named repeatedly.
  24. present: Labeled Crime Alert with OUPD identified as the responding police department.
  25. present: Issued as a Crime Alert from OUPD, with an Ohio University police contact.
• Hazardpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The hazard is named specifically: a man with a knife seen inside a student's residence hall room, with a suspect description.

  What the threat actually is. A complete warning names the specific danger, such as a shooter, a fire, a tornado, or a gas leak, rather than a vague emergency, because people decide what to do based on what they are facing.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: A man with a knife inside a student's residence hall room is a named threat.
  2. present: Names a man with a knife inside a residence hall room, an armed intruder.
  3. present: A man with a knife entering a student room is a specific intruder threat.
  4. present: A man with a knife entering a student's residence hall room names a concrete threat.
  5. present: A man with a knife entering a residence hall room is a named threat.
  6. present: A man with a knife entering a student room is a specific armed intruder hazard.
  7. present: A man with a knife found inside a student residence hall room is a specific threat.
  8. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room is a named specific threat.
  9. present: Describes a man with a knife inside a residence hall room, a specific threat.
  10. present: Reports a man with a knife inside a residence hall room.
  11. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room is a specific named threat.
  12. present: A man with a knife entered a student's residence hall room, a specific threat.
  13. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room is a named threat.
  14. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room is a specific hazard.
  15. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room is the specific threat.
  16. present: A man with a knife was seen inside a residence hall room.
  17. present: Specific hazard: 'a man with a knife' inside a residence hall room.
  18. present: A man with a knife found inside a student's residence hall room is a specific armed intruder hazard.
  19. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room is a named threat.
  20. present: Reports 'a man with a knife' inside a residence hall room, a specific armed intruder.
  21. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room is a specific named threat.
  22. present: Hazard is a man with a knife found inside a student residence hall room.
  23. present: A man with a knife entered a student room, a specific armed intruder.
  24. present: A man with a knife inside a residence hall room names the specific threat.
  25. present: Reports a man with a knife inside a student residence hall room.
• Locationpresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. A location line reads 'Ewing House' and the narrative places the encounter in the student's room in Ewing Hall.

  Where the threat is. Saying whether danger is in a specific building, a part of campus, or area-wide lets people judge their own proximity and choose a safe direction. Without a where, a warning is hard to act on precisely.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Location given as Ewing House and a room in Ewing Hall.
  2. present: Location line reads Ewing House and the narrative says Ewing Hall.
  3. present: Location line reads Ewing House and the text says Ewing Hall residence room.
  4. present: Location is listed as Ewing House, the student's room in Ewing Hall.
  5. present: Location listed as Ewing House, a student room in Ewing Hall.
  6. present: Ewing House and a residence hall room in Ewing Hall are named.
  7. present: Location line reads Ewing House, with the room in Ewing Hall.
  8. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall residence hall are stated as the location.
  9. present: Location line reads Ewing House and the narrative says Ewing Hall.
  10. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall are given as the location.
  11. present: Location line reads "Ewing House" with the room in Ewing Hall.
  12. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall residence room are given.
  13. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall are stated as the place.
  14. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall residence room are given as the place.
  15. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall residence hall identified.
  16. present: Location is given as Ewing House and Ewing Hall.
  17. present: Location field reads 'Ewing House' and the narrative says Ewing Hall.
  18. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall pin the location.
  19. present: Location line reads Ewing House, with the residence hall room specified.
  20. present: Location line reads 'Ewing House' and the text says her room in Ewing Hall.
  21. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall residence hall given as the location.
  22. present: Location is listed as Ewing House and Ewing Hall.
  23. present: Location line reads Ewing House, with the room in Ewing Hall.
  24. present: Ewing House and Ewing Hall residence hall are given.
  25. present: Location line reads Ewing House, and the text cites Ewing Hall.
• Guidancepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. Readers are told to call 740-593-1911 or email police with information, and to dial 911 in an emergency.

  The protective action to take. A clear, specific instruction, such as shelter in place, evacuate, avoid the area, or run-hide-fight, drives faster and more correct protective behavior than describing the threat alone.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Asks anyone with information to call 740-593-1911 and to dial 911 in an emergency.
  2. present: Asks anyone with information to call 740-593-1911 and to dial 911 in an emergency.
  3. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  4. present: Readers are told to call 740-593-1911, email police, and dial 911 in an emergency.
  5. present: Readers told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  6. present: Readers are told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  7. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  8. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911 or email police, and dial 911 in an emergency.
  9. present: Asks anyone with information to call 740-593-1911 and to dial 911 in an emergency.
  10. present: Asks anyone with information to call 740-593-1911 and to dial 911 in emergencies.
  11. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911, email police, or dial 911 in an emergency.
  12. present: Asks anyone with information to call 740-593-1911 and to dial 911 in an emergency.
  13. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  14. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911, email police, or dial 911 in an emergency.
  15. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  16. present: Readers are told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  17. present: Readers are told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  18. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911, email police, and dial 911 in an emergency.
  19. present: Recipients are told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  20. present: Tells readers to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  21. present: Recipients told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  22. present: Recipients are told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  23. present: Tells readers to call the listed police number or dial 911 in an emergency.
  24. present: Readers are told to call 740-593-1911 or dial 911 in an emergency.
  25. present: Asks anyone with information to call 740-593-1911 and to dial 911 in an emergency.
• Timepresent25/25

  Final assessment

  Present, 25 of 25. The alert fixes the time as November 4, 2024, at approximately 6:30 p.m., repeated in the header line.

  When the message applies. A timestamp, the word now or immediately, or a phrase like until further notice tells the reader whether the danger is current and how quickly to act.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. present: Dated November 4, 2024 at approximately 6:30 p.m.
  2. present: Gives November 4, 2024 at approximately 6:30 p.m.
  3. present: States November 4, 2024, at approximately 6:30 p.m.
  4. present: Approximate time of crime 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated.
  5. present: Approximate time of the crime given as 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024.
  6. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated, plus this evening.
  7. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated twice.
  8. present: Gives approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024.
  9. present: Gives November 4, 2024, at approximately 6:30 p.m.
  10. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated.
  11. present: "November 4, 2024, at approximately 6:30 p.m." fixes the time.
  12. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024.
  13. present: Specifies approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024.
  14. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated.
  15. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated.
  16. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated.
  17. present: Gives 'November 4, 2024, at approximately 6:30 p.m.' and 'this evening'.
  18. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is given twice.
  19. present: States approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024.
  20. present: Gives 'November 4, 2024, at approximately 6:30 p.m.' and 'this evening'.
  21. present: Approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024 is stated.
  22. present: Time given as approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024.
  23. present: Gives approximately 6:30 p.m. on November 4, 2024.
  24. present: November 4, 2024 at approximately 6:30 p.m. is stated.
  25. present: Dated November 4, 2024 at approximately 6:30 p.m.
• Impactabsent0/25

  Final assessment

  Absent, 0 of 25 read it as present. The encounter is narrated and the suspect fled, but nothing states what harm could follow or how dangerous he is.

  What the hazard could do to the people in its path. Beyond naming the threat, a complete warning conveys its potential consequences or severity, such as that a tornado can level buildings or that a leak could be explosive, so recipients grasp how much danger they are in. Research on warning message content finds that a concrete impact statement helps people personalize their risk and act sooner.

  See all 25 individual reads

  1. absent: No statement of what harm the armed intruder could cause; suspect fled and none is described.
  2. absent: No statement of potential harm; it reports the man fled and was not located.
  3. absent: No statement of what the armed man could do or how serious the danger is.
  4. absent: No statement of potential harm or severity; the suspect fled and nothing consequential is asserted.
  5. absent: No statement of what could happen; the suspect fled and no harm is described.
  6. absent: No statement of what the armed man could do or how dangerous he is.
  7. absent: No statement of what harm could follow; the suspect fled and nothing about severity is said.
  8. absent: No statement of what the armed intruder could do; suspect fled and nothing about harm is said.
  9. absent: No statement of what harm the armed intruder could cause; the suspect fled.
  10. absent: No statement of what the armed intruder could do; suspect fled with no injury noted.
  11. absent: No statement of what the armed intruder could do or how dangerous he is.
  12. absent: No statement of potential harm; suspect fled and no consequence is described.
  13. absent: No statement of what the armed intruder could do; suspect fled and no harm described.
  14. absent: No statement of possible harm or severity beyond recounting the encounter.
  15. absent: No statement of what harm the armed man could cause.
  16. absent: No statement of what harm could follow; the suspect ran off and no injury is described.
  17. absent: No statement of what the armed intruder could do; suspect simply fled the room.
  18. absent: No statement of what the armed man could do; the suspect fled and no harm is described.
  19. absent: No statement of what the armed intruder could do; suspect simply fled.
  20. absent: Suspect fled and no harm, injury or potential consequence is stated.
  21. absent: No statement of what harm could follow; suspect fled and nothing about danger is said.
  22. absent: No statement of what harm the armed intruder could cause; suspect fled without contact.
  23. absent: No consequence or severity described beyond the incident account.
  24. absent: No statement of possible harm; the suspect fled and nothing about danger level is said.
  25. absent: No statement of what the armed intruder could do; the encounter is simply narrated.